• Vicksburg National Military Park - Welcome to the Vicksburg Battlefield! To President Abraham Lincoln, this site was the key to winning the entire Civil War. Confederate President Jefferson Davis felt the same! So let’s find out why it was so important, what happened here, and what it all meant.

Note: This 15-mile-long tour covers the essentials of Vicksburg Battlefield in 2-3 hours.

• Memorial Arch - Drive toward the Memorial Arch, built after a veterans reunion was held here in 1917. Former soldiers from both sides of the war sat side by side at this historic 4-day event. This time they sat in peace. It was certainly a bittersweet moment and one the veterans wanted to commemorate. So they built this arch!

• Minnesota Memorial - Park near that pillar memorial coming up ahead on our left. That’s the Minnesota Memorial. The statue at the base of the pillar is a statue of peace. She holds a sword and shield that have since been laid down by both armies. They’re in her hands for safe keeping, preventing any future battles on this soil.

• Michigan Memorial - That soaring obelisk around the bend and to our left is the Michigan Memorial. The statue at its base is “The Spirit of Michigan.” This memorial honors the Michigan men who fought here, but its location is of particular importance. One of their leaders, Captain Samuel DeGolyer, was mortally wounded near here during the fighting on the 28th of May. I’ll talk in more detail about that soon.

• Illinois Memorial - The man who designed this monument was W. L. B. Jenney, a veteran who actually fought in the battle here! Inside, we’ll find the names of every Illinois soldier who fought here. Jenney intended to create not just a memorial, but a temple to those brave souls, many of whom gave their lives for their country on this battlefield.

• Logan’s Approach - The trench beyond this parking lot is known as Logan’s Approach. Here, Union engineers tried an unusual tactic to advance on a Confederate position during the fighting. Under General Grant’s orders, they dig a trench to the Confederate fort. Then they place a mine laden with 2,200 pounds of gunpowder in the trench and light the fuse!

• Wisconsin Memorial - Drive around the bend ahead, then pull over across from the grand column atop a staircase. That’s the Wisconsin Memorial. Direct your eyes at the top of this monument, and there’s ‘Old Abe,’ war eagle and official mascot for the 8th Wisconsin Infantry. Believe it or not, Old Abe was a real bird! The 8th WIsconsin would carry him proudly onto the battlefield, tethered to a five-foot poll painted red, white and blue. He was a good old bird, granted honorable discharge in 1864. A true war veteran who witnessed 42 battles!

• West Virginia Monument - The bust we’re about to pass on our right is the West Virginia Monument, which honors Major Azra Goodspeed. Goodspeed was born in Ohio, but served and was killed fighting for West Virginia. Quite a few men from Ohio and Pennsylvania actually fought under the West Virginia flag. That’s because when recruitment numbers were filled, new recruits looked for other states with open positions.

• African American Monument - n a minute, we’ll see a statue of three men on our right. Pull over and park when you see it. This memorial honors the thousands of African-American soldiers who fought for the Union and for their freedom. And yet, all was not equal, even in the Union army. Units were segregated and Black soldiers were paid less and given worse equipment. But still they fought shoulder to shoulder with their white comrades in the heat of battle.

• Major General Ulysses S. Grant Memorial - In just a minute, we’ll see a statue of a man on horseback with a rugged face and eyes lasered in on his surroundings. Park in the lot when you see it. It’s impossible to miss! That statue depicts none other than the man himself, Major General Ulysses S. Grant.

• 106th Illinois Volunteer Infantry Regiment Monument - We’re about to pass a monument honoring the 106th Volunteer Infantry Regiment from Illinois. It’s the small granite obelisk coming up on our right. These men trained in Lincoln, Illinois, where Abraham Lincoln once worked as a lawyer!

• U.S. Navy Monument - The tallest monument in the park is coming up soon. It’s the US Navy Monument, honoring the officers and sailors who fought in Vicksburg. Grant’s army gets most of the credit for the siege of Vicksburg, but he couldn’t have done it without help from the Navy. The gunboats brought Grant’s men down the Mississippi. They sneaked past rebel defense lines in the dead of night. They carried Grant’s army across the Mississippi at Bruinsburg.

• Vicksburg National Cemetery - This is the Vicksburg National Cemetery, the final resting place for 17,000 Union soldiers. For many, it’s their second burial ground. How come? During the war when a soldier was killed, their comrades dug a grave close to the action. There wasn’t time to do anything else! A simple wooden cross with their name carved on it sufficed as a grave marker. Hundreds of markers like that dotted the landscape. When the war ended, the US government tried their best to locate all these markers and made every effort to give these men a proper burial.

• Fort Hill - This is Fort Hill, and what a view it offers! It’s not hard to imagine why Confederates were stationed here. Open landscape, clear views of the river, and a bend that caused warships to slow down. A perfect lookout point. In fact, Fort Hill was so well fortified that no land battle ever took place here. It was that secure.

• The Missouri State Memorial - On our left stands the Missouri Memorial, representing both sides of the Civil War. Missouri was a state divided. Both the Union and the Confederacy recognized it as their own. 109,000 men joined the Union, 30,000 joined the Confederacy. Neighbors turned against one another.

• Mississippi Monument - The stone obelisk coming up on our right is the Mississippi monument. Like a few other memorials on this battlefield, the base of this one is adorned with the figure of a woman. But who is she, and why is she here? The women on these monuments serve as protectors to the warriors. They’re modeled after Greek or Roman goddesses representing peace and reconciliation.

• Alabama Monument - The bronze monument coming up on our right commemorates troops from the state of Alabama. The men depicted here are being led forward by a woman who represents the state of Alabama itself.

• Fort Garrott - The hill on our left was the site of Fort Garrott. Who’s the fort named after? Colonel Isham W. Garrott that’s who! He was the commander of a volunteer regiment from Alabama. Fort Garrott is never blasted like other forts. But Union snipers hide behind trees, waiting to shoot any sign of movement. One day, Garrott himself moves. A bullet kills him instantly. He never knew he’d just been promoted to Brigadier General.

• Kentucky Monument - Park in the turnout just ahead. From here we can see the Kentucky Monument. This iconic memorial depicts two essential figures: Abraham Lincoln and Confederate President Jefferson Davis. Both men were born in Kentucky, so the bluegrass state honors them both. Feel free to walk up the path to get a closer look at the monument, and click Learn More to hear more about it.

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